3D forensic scanners for crime scenes, evidence and reconstruction

Capture once. Measure, analyse and revisit the scene for years.

Artec 3D scanners record footwear impressions, wound patterns, bullet trajectories and entire scenes in accurate, contactless 3D — before the scene is cleared and before the evidence degrades. One dataset carries the case from the first hour to the courtroom.

No sensitive case information required.

Artec Leo 3D scanner capturing bullet damage on a vehicle at a shooting scene
  • Contactless captureSafe for victims, officers, and fragile evidence.
  • Full-colour 3DPhotorealistic detail with true-to-life colour.
  • Scene-to-micro evidenceFrom large scenes to the smallest items.
  • Standard export formatsE57, OBJ, PLY and more for seamless workflows.

Used in forensic research, education, and casework

Organisations featured in documented Artec 3D forensic applications and published studies.

What do you need to document?

Pick what you work with and we'll show the scanners that fit it best. The right choice depends on scene size, required detail and field conditions.

Recommended for entire scenes3 matches
Artec Ray II 3D scannerBest overallArtec Ray IILong-range capture · up to 130 m
Artec Leo 3D scannerArtec LeoFast handheld capture
Recommended for vehicles3 matches
Artec Leo 3D scannerBest overallArtec LeoCable-free · under an hour per vehicle
Artec Ray II 3D scannerArtec Ray IIWhole-site context around the vehicle
Artec Eva 3D scannerArtec EvaPanel and interior detail
Recommended for bodies and wounds3 matches
Artec Leo 3D scannerBest overallArtec LeoUntethered at the scene
Artec Spider II 3D scannerArtec Spider IIWound and bite-mark detail
Artec Eva 3D scannerArtec Eva11 simulated injuries in 26 minutes
Recommended for footwear and impressions3 matches
Recommended for small evidence2 matches
Artec Spider II 3D scannerBest overallArtec Spider IIHandheld detail at 0.05 mm
Artec Micro II desktop 3D scannerArtec Micro IIAccuracy to 0.005 mm on the bench

Why complete scene capture matters

According to FBI clearance data for 2019, 55% of violent crimes and 83% of property crimes went unsolved in the US. Traditional forensic documentation — photographs, hand measurements, dental stone casts — was never designed for the speed and complexity modern crime scene investigation demands.

A photograph taken from the wrong angle misrepresents the spatial relationship between a weapon and a victim. A footwear impression cast takes 24 to 48 hours to harden and can still crack. A vehicle accident scene sits on a highway for hours while investigators work through documentation backlogs. All of it creates gaps in evidence that prosecutors have to fight around — or can't overcome at all.

3D scanning for crime scenes addresses this at the source: the scene's dimensions and surfaces are captured as a measurable record before anything is moved or touched.

Camera angle distorts spatial relationships

Two points that look close in a photograph can be metres apart. Perspective flattens depth and hides what is behind an object. 2D data alone leaves an important spatial question open, and defence counsel knows exactly where to press.

Manual measurements introduce operator error

Tape measures, sketches and reference markers are only as reliable as the hand holding them. Two investigators can record the same distance differently, and neither result can be reproduced once the scene is released.

Traditional documentation takes hours or days

Capturing, photographing, sketching and measuring on site — plus drying and rebuilding casts at the office — can take days. That is time the scene stays exposed and your team stays tied up.

3D results are fast to share and revisit

Collections of photos are difficult to navigate, measure or share. A 3D model can go to a prosecutor, an expert or a laboratory anywhere in the world in minutes, and it is still measurable when it arrives.

Artec 3D for forensic investigations

  • Contactless scene capture: capture detailed 3D data without touching or moving evidence.

  • Measurements after release: measure any point, distance, area or angle long after the scene is cleared.

  • Shareable 3D documentation: secure, accurate and easy to share with teams, experts and in court.

From scene to defensible 3D evidence

  1. 1. CaptureCollect accurate 3D data on scene with minimal disruption.
  2. 2. VerifyCheck coverage and quality before leaving the scene.
  3. 3. ProcessAlign, clean and colour the data in Artec Studio.
  4. 4. MeasureTake precise measurements and annotations.
  5. 5. ArchiveStore in a tamper-evident, scalable repository.
  6. 6. PresentShare 3D models, images and reports in court or with partners.
A single, accurate 3D dataset supports the entire investigation lifecycle. Use it for initial documentation, expert analysis, reports, archiving and courtroom presentation. Revisit any detail, re-measure any point and share confidently with your team and partners.

Benefits of 3D forensic scanning

These are documented outcomes from published Artec case studies and a peer-reviewed university comparison, not claims — reported by the agencies and researchers who deployed the scanners.

Preserve the scene

Nothing is cast or moved, and most surfaces need no spray; glass still does. The evidence is documented as found.

Cut documentation time

In one published case, vehicle scans fell from 3–4 hours to under one, and the team left confident the capture was complete; processing followed at the office.

Measure later

Take the measurement you did not know you needed, months after the scene was released.

Share anywhere

One model reaches prosecutors, experts and laboratories worldwide without losing accuracy.

3D reconstruction of a Dutch Police training crime scene captured with Artec 3D scanners
A Dutch Police training crime scene captured in high-resolution 3D

Four things forensic investigators need from a 3D scanner

Not every 3D scanner is built for crime scene investigation. These are the capabilities that decide whether one belongs in a forensic kit.

Dense, accurate point cloud data — fast

Artec Ray II captures up to 2 million points per second, recording the geometry of a room or an outdoor scene day or night; its colour imagery needs light. Each scan position takes about 1.7 minutes (2.7 with colour), and a room typically needs two or three positions. In a Dutch police exercise, Artec Leo recorded a mannequin and its surroundings in 5 minutes. That's the difference between finishing before a scene is cleared versus scrambling to catch up.

Nothing touched. Nothing contaminated.

Every Artec forensic scanner captures evidence without physical contact — no markers, no calibration targets required in the scene. Bloodstain patterns, footwear impressions, bullet holes: they're documented exactly as found. Because the scanner never touches the evidence, there is no contact to explain in court. An NIJ-funded landscape study has compared commercially available 3D crime scene scanners, with their uses, benefits and limitations.

Measurement, reconstruction, simulation — from one scan

Artec Studio software turns raw scan data into dimensionally accurate 3D models. Investigators can take precise measurements between any two points in the scene, reconstruct trajectories, overlay data from multiple scans, and export to standard forensic and CAD formats. The same 3D dataset supports the initial investigation, expert witness reports, and courtroom presentation — no rescanning, no reconstruction from memory.

Evidence that holds up when it matters most

Forensic 3D scanning produces measurable, repeatable data. With a validated method and documented processing, the other side can re-check the measurements. In a University of Toronto study, documenting 11 simulated injuries on a live participant took 26 minutes with Artec Eva against 54 for photography and manual measurement, and the colour model could be measured along curved skin. Scan models from Artec customers have been used in criminal cases, including a UK case where a scan-based report helped the defence and the defendant received a reduced sentence.

Case studies

Documented forensic workflows with measurable results.

Challenge
Shoe sole impressions are difficult to capture and change quickly. Traditional dental stone casting is slow and irreversible.
Workflow
3D scan in under one minute with Artec Space Spider, processed in Artec Studio.
Result
Under-one-minute capture vs. 24+ hours for traditional casting. Reusable, dimensionally accurate model.
Measured impactUnder 1 minute vs. 24+ hours
See how it is done
Challenge
Vehicle scans with a terrestrial laser scanner took 3–4 hours, with lengthy repositioning and extensive post-processing.
Workflow
Cable-free capture with Artec Leo — fast, complete and full-colour.
Result
Under an hour per vehicle with Artec Leo, and a measurable model with photorealistic colour.
Measured impactUnder 1 hour per vehicle
See how it is done
Challenge
Controlled study comparing 3D scanning and traditional DSLR photography.
Workflow
Artec Eva scan of a live participant with 11 simulated injuries, plus a bullet-trajectory rod set-up.
Result
26 minutes for 3D scanning vs. 54 minutes for photography and manual measurement, with processing done afterwards. 3D data is measurable and repeatable.
Measured impact26 min vs. 54 min
See how it is done

What forensic experts say

“Artec has truly changed the face of forensic anthropology with Space Spider, Leo, and Ray. I’ve integrated Artec’s solutions into my daily field work as well as my regular and special classes for investigators, law enforcement officers, and college students, and the results have been nothing short of spectacular.”

Dr. Dennis Dirkmaat, Ph.D.Mercyhurst University, Forensic Anthropologist

Read the full case

“With Leo, we get highly accurate scans that provide more than enough geometry data for any analysis we need to conduct. And then you add in the photo texture to make it real.”

Jarrod Carter, Ph.D.Origin Forensics LLC

Read the full case

Which scanner for which job?

Specifications say what each scanner can do. This is what each one is for.

Artec Leo 3D scanner

Artec Leo

Best for
Working a scene on foot with nothing to carry
Accuracy
Up to 0.1 mm
Portability
Cable-free, battery, onboard screen
Typical uses
Vehicles, bodies, rooms

Leo records a body or a bullet hole in minutes — in a Dutch police exercise, a mannequin and its surroundings took five. No laptop, no cables — investigators can move freely around the scene. The built-in touchscreen shows scan coverage in real time, so gaps can be filled before leaving the scene.

Artec Eva 3D scanner

Artec Eva

Best for
Dependable colour 3D without a LiDAR setup
Accuracy
Up to 0.1 mm
Portability
Tethered to a laptop
Typical uses
Autopsy documentation, evidence

Eva was the scanner used in the University of Toronto comparison with forensic photography — documenting 11 simulated injuries on a live participant in 26 minutes vs. 54 for photography and manual measurement. The scanner investigators reach for when they need reliable, high-resolution colour 3D of evidence at a crime scene, without the complexity of a LiDAR system.

Artec Spider II 3D scanner

Artec Spider II

Best for
Fine detail from a handheld scanner
Accuracy
Up to 0.05 mm
Portability
Tethered to a laptop
Typical uses
Bite marks, tool marks, spatter

When evidence needs fine detail from a handheld scanner, at up to 0.05 mm — bite marks for odontology, tool marks on a lock cylinder, detailed bloodstain patterns on textured surfaces — Spider II is the right choice.

Artec Ray II 3D scanner

Artec Ray II

Best for
Whole scenes indoors or out; geometry day or night
Accuracy
1.9 mm at 10 m
Portability
Wireless, tripod-mounted
Typical uses
Rooms, buildings, road scenes
Artec Micro II desktop 3D scanner

Artec Micro II

Best for
Small evidence on the laboratory bench
3D point accuracy
Up to 0.005 mm
Capture
Desktop, fully automated turntable
Object size
Up to 200 × 200 × 150 mm

Micro II records small evidence — cartridge cases, fragments, teeth — on an automated turntable with accuracy up to 0.005 mm. The item is fixed on the platform and turned over once for its underside; the examiner measures and documents on the model.

Evaluation, training and deployment

A forensic 3D programme depends on more than the scanner. Validation, operator training, data handling and procurement support decide whether the workflow holds up across real investigations.

Validation & SOP

Validation comes first: reference objects of known dimension scanned under your conditions, repeatability across operators, and an SOP that fixes how capture, processing and verification are done on every case. We support the study design and the documentation your accreditation body expects.

Training

We provide onboarding, hands-on scanning practice and Artec Studio processing training. Train-the-trainer options help you build internal expertise, so competency stays with your team as cases and people move.

Data & security

We cover handling of raw and processed files, access control and storage. You can work in offline or controlled environments, with retention policies and use backups. We also provide shareable formats for collaboration with prosecutors or experts.

Procurement support

We assist with evaluation planning, matching the right system to your budget, software and release schedules. We help with test criteria, budgetary quotes and supporting documentation for tender approvals or formal tender requirements when needed.

Document the method, preserve the source data, and make every measurement reproducible.

Frequently asked questions

These questions come up in nearly every evaluation conversation.

How long does it take to train an investigator?

Capture is learned in a day of hands-on training with an Artec partner; processing skills build over the first supervised cases. The handheld scanners give real-time coverage feedback on screen, so operators can see what they have captured as they work. Forensic anthropology programmes report that students pick up the workflow quickly.

Is the accuracy sufficient for toolmarks, impressions and small evidence?

Yes, for documenting tool marks, bite marks and impressions: Artec Spider II reaches 3D accuracy up to 0.05 mm and resolution up to 0.05 mm. For bench items — cartridge cases, fragments, teeth — Artec Micro II reaches accuracy up to 0.005 mm on an automated turntable. Microscopic striation comparison still needs a comparison microscope or micrometre-scale topography. Validation with reference objects confirms accuracy for your own case work.

Can scanners work in poor lighting or outdoor conditions at night?

Yes. The scanners project their own structured or laser light, so geometry capture does not depend on ambient lighting. Artec Ray II records the geometry of large indoor and outdoor scenes day or night, though its colour cameras need light on the scene; the handheld scanners carry their own lighting and work in low light at the scene. We provide practical capture recommendations for difficult conditions.

How does 3D crime scene scanning hold up in court?

3D data can be measured and re-checked by the other side, provided the operator's capture and processing steps are documented. Scan models from Artec customers have been used in criminal cases, including a UK case where a scan-based report helped the defence and the defendant received a reduced sentence, and the National Institute of Justice has published on the implications of 3D laser-scanned images for the criminal justice system, noting that a jury may not trust 3D output unless the method is explained. Admissibility still depends on the court, so operator qualification, validation and chain of custody all matter.

What file formats do Artec forensic scanners support?

Artec Studio exports the industry-standard formats: OBJ, PLY, STL, WRL, PTX, XYZ, E57 and more. These integrate with the analysis, measurement and reconstruction software forensic laboratories already use, so the data does not become locked to one vendor.

Do you offer a trial or structured evaluation?

Yes. We offer evaluations so you can test the workflow on your own representative samples. You will receive guidance on validation, sample datasets and reporting outputs to help your team make an informed decision.

Forensic specialist documenting a mock crime scene with an Artec Leo 3D scanner

Plan a forensic workflow evaluation

Tell us about your needs and we will come back with a forensics application specialist.